National Olympic Committee
National Olympic Committee
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A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games. They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and training of coaches and officials at a national level within their geographies.
Contents
1 National Olympic Committees
1.1 List
1.1.1 Africa (ANOCA)
1.1.2 America (PASO)
1.1.3 Asia (OCA)
1.1.4 Europe (EOC)
1.1.5 Oceania (ONOC)
1.2 List of NOCs by recognition date
1.3 Notes
2 Divisions
3 Unrecognized National Olympic Committees
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
National Olympic Committees[edit]
As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat;[1][2] and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as Chinese Taipei by the IOC).
There are also nine dependent territories with NOCs:
- Four territories of the United States: American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands.
- Three British Overseas Territories: Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, and Cayman Islands.
- One territory from the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean: Aruba. The Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee was dissolved at the 123rd IOC session in July 2011 as the Netherlands Antilles ceased to exist on 10 October 2010.[3][4]
Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China.
Prior to 1996, rules for recognising separate countries within the IOC were not as strict as those within the United Nations, which allowed these territories to field teams separately from their sovereign state. Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community.[5] Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.
The states which thus qualify to participate in the future are the Vatican City, a UN observer state, and Niue, a state in free association with New Zealand like the Cook Islands. Other disputed states face obstacles to being recognized by the IOC. Dependent territories such as Curaçao, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Macau and New Caledonia can no longer be recognised by the IOC. Athletes from those territories can only participate in the Olympics as part of their parent nation's national team.
List[edit]
This section lists the current:
- 206 National Olympic Committees who are recognised by the International Olympic Committee, and so are members of the Association of National Olympic Committees.
- 8 National Olympic Committees who are recognised by their continental Olympic Associations, but are not recognised by the International Olympic Committee. (Italics)
ANOC members are eligible to enter the Olympic Games,
Some National Olympic Committees who are members of a continental Olympic Association but not ANOC members compete in continental-level and subregional tournaments. These committees, however, are not allowed to participate in the Olympic Games.
The five continental associations are:
- Africa – Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa (ANOCA)
- America – Pan American Sports Organization (PASO)
- Asia – Olympic Council of Asia (OCA)
- Europe – European Olympic Committees (EOC)
- Oceania – Oceania National Olympic Committees (ONOC)
IOC runs the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games as competitions in which all IOC-recognised NOCs can participate. Each continent also runs its own championships for their members:
- ANOCA - African Games
- PASO - Pan American Games
- OCA - Asian Games, Asian Winter Games
- EOC - European Games
- ONOC - Pacific Games
While not a continental union in itself, the Union of Arab National Olympic Committees (UANOC) organises multi-sport events between Arabic-speaking countries. All 22 national governing bodies that form UANOC are also members of both AOC and are eligible to send athletes to either the African or Asian Games. National Olympic Committees from UANOC member countries are noted in the list below.
Africa (ANOCA)[edit]
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1: National Olympic Committee is a member of UANOC
America (PASO)[edit]
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Asia (OCA)[edit]
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1: National Olympic Committee is a member of UANOC
2: National Olympic Committee is a member of OCA but not an ANOC member
3: Official name used by IOC, ANOC and OCA for Republic of China (Taiwan)
Europe (EOC)[edit]
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1: Israel was a member of OCA but left in 1981, it joined the EOC in 1994
Oceania (ONOC)[edit]
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1: National Olympic Committee is an associate member of ONOC but not an ANOC member
List of NOCs by recognition date[edit]
 | This section does not cite any sources. (October 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
Below is a chronological list of the 206 NOCs recognized by the International Olympic Committee, since its foundation in 1894. Many of these committees were founded many years before their official recognition, while others were immediately accepted after being founded.
Only extant states are listed. Former states (e.g. The Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Netherlands Antilles, etc.), are not listed, only the current states derived from them: for example, the Czech Olympic Committee representing Bohemia was created and recognized in 1899. It was later transformed into the Czechoslovak Olympic Committee, and, after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, was re-recognized in 1993.
| Date of recognition | NOCs |
|---|---|
1894 |  France  United States |
1895 |  Australia  Germany  Greece  Hungary |
1900 |  Norway |
1905 |  Denmark  Great Britain |
1906 |  Belgium |
1907 |  Canada  Finland |
1909 |  Portugal |
1910 |  Egypt |
1911 |  Turkey |
1912 |  Austria  Japan  Luxembourg  Netherlands  Serbia  Spain  Switzerland |
1913 |  Sweden |
1914 |  Romania |
1915 |  Italy |
1919 |  New Zealand  Poland |
1922 |  Ireland |
1923 |  Argentina  Latvia[a] Mexico  Uruguay |
1924 |  Bulgaria  Estonia[a] Haiti  Lithuania[a] |
1927 |  India |
1929 |  Philippines |
1934 |  Chile |
1935 |  Brazil  Iceland  Liechtenstein  Venezuela |
1936 |  Afghanistan  Bermuda  Bolivia  Costa Rica  Jamaica  Malta  Peru |
1937 |  Sri Lanka |
1947 |  Guatemala  Iran  Myanmar  Panama  South Korea |
1948 |  Colombia  Guyana  Iraq  Lebanon  Pakistan  Puerto Rico  Singapore  Syria  Trinidad and Tobago |
1950 |  Thailand |
1951 |  Hong Kong  Nigeria |
1952 |  Bahamas  Ghana  Indonesia  Israel |
1953 |  Monaco |
1954 |  Cuba  Dominican Republic  Ethiopia  Malaysia |
1955 |  Barbados  Fiji  Kenya  Liberia |
1956 |  Honduras  Uganda |
1957 |  North Korea  Tunisia |
1959 |  Albania  Ecuador  Morocco  Nicaragua  San Marino  Sudan  Suriname |
1960 |  Chinese Taipei |
1962 |  Benin  El Salvador  Mongolia |
1963 |  Cameroon  Côte d'Ivoire  Jordan  Libya  Mali  Nepal  Senegal |
1964 |  Algeria  Chad  Madagascar  Niger  Congo  Sierra Leone  Zambia |
1965 |  Central African Republic  Guinea  Saudi Arabia  Togo |
1966 |  Kuwait |
1967 |  Belize  Virgin Islands |
1968 |  Democratic Republic of the Congo  Gabon  Malawi  Tanzania[b] |
1970 |  Paraguay |
1972 |  Burkina Faso  Lesotho  Mauritius  Somalia  Swaziland |
1974 |  Papua New Guinea |
1975 |  Andorra |
1976 |  Antigua and Barbuda  Cayman Islands  Gambia |
1978 |  Cyprus |
1979 |  Bahrain  Laos  Mauritania  Mozambique  People's Republic of China  Seychelles  Vietnam |
1980 |  Angola  Bangladesh  Botswana  Qatar  United Arab Emirates  Zimbabwe |
1981 |  Yemen |
1982 |  British Virgin Islands  Oman |
1983 |  Bhutan  Samoa  Solomon Islands |
1984 |  Brunei  Djibouti  Equatorial Guinea  Grenada  Rwanda  Tonga |
1985 |  Maldives |
1986 |  Aruba  Cook Islands  Guam |
1987 |  American Samoa  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines  Vanuatu |
1991 | Estonia[a] Latvia [a] Lithuania [a] Namibia  South Africa[c] |
1993 |  Armenia  Azerbaijan  Belarus  Bosnia and Herzegovina  Burundi  Cape Verde  Comoros  Croatia  Czech Republic  Dominica  Georgia  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Moldova  Macedonia  Russia  Saint Kitts and Nevis  Saint Lucia  São Tomé and Príncipe  Slovakia  Slovenia  Tajikistan  Turkmenistan  Ukraine  Uzbekistan |
1994 |  Nauru |
1995 |  Cambodia  Guinea-Bissau  Palestine |
1997 |  Federated States of Micronesia |
1999 |  Eritrea  Palau |
2003 |  Kiribati  Timor-Leste |
2006 |  Marshall Islands |
2007 |  Montenegro  Tuvalu |
2014 |  Kosovo |
2015 |  South Sudan |
Notes[edit]
^ abcdef Latvia's NOC was recognized by the IOC in 1923, while Estonia's and Lithuania's NOCs were recognized in 1924. However, following the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states their NOCs were disbanded. When they regained their independence their NOCs were re-recognized in 1991.
^ Tanzania's IOC dates back to 1958 upon the recognition of Tanganyika. Tanganyika and Zanzibar united on April 26, 1964, to form Tanzania, but the new country was permitted to participate at the 1964 Summer Olympics under Tanganyika's IOC. Tanzania was recognized as the successor of Tanganyika's IOC in 1968.
^ South Africa participated in the Olympics since 1904 - even before it became a unified country - its membership was suspended in 1962 and reinstated in 1991 with the abolition of apartheid.
Divisions[edit]
The NOCs are all members of the Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC), which is also split among five continental associations:
| Continent | Association | NOCs | Oldest NOC | Newest NOC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Africa | Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa | 54 | Egypt (1910) | South Sudan (2015) |
America | Pan American Sports Organization | 41 | United States (1894) | Dominica (1993) Saint Kitts and Nevis (1993) Saint Lucia (1993) | |
Asia | Olympic Council of Asia | 44[6] | Japan (1912) | Timor-Leste (2003) | |
Europe | European Olympic Committees | 50 | France (1894) | Kosovo (2014) | |
Oceania | Oceania National Olympic Committees | 17 | Australia (1895) | Tuvalu (2007) | |
See the article for each continental association for the complete lists of all NOCs.
Unrecognized National Olympic Committees[edit]
The Macau Sports and Olympic Committee was founded in 1987 and has attempted to enroll to the IOC since its foundation, but is still not officially recognized and thus no athlete has participated in the Olympic Games under the name "Macau, China". It has, however, participated in the Paralympic Games.
The Faroe Islands have a recognised National Paralympic Committee.[7]
Other existing countries/regions with unrecognized Olympic committees: Catalonia,[8]Gibraltar,[9]French Polynesia,[10]Niue,[11]Somaliland,[12]New Caledonia,[13]Kurdistan,[14][15]Northern Cyprus,[16]Abkhazia,[17]Native Americans,[18][19] the Northern Mariana Islands, Anguilla, Montserrat, and Turks & Caicos Islands.[20]
South Ossetia intends to establish a National Olympic Committee,[21] and representatives from the Republic of Artsakh take part in Armenia’s National Olympic Committee.[22]
See also[edit]
- National Paralympic Committee
- List of IOC country codes
- District of Columbia Olympic Committee
References[edit]
"National Olympic Committees". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 21 January 2008.- Association of National Olympic Committees website
^ "Organs Supplement", Repertory of Practice (PDF) (8), UN, p. 10, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2013
^ The World today (PDF), UN
^ "Executive Board concludes first meeting of the new year". olympic.org ("Official website of the Olympic movement"). 13 January 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2011.
^ "Curtain comes down on 123rd IOC Session". Olympic.org.
^ "Overseas Territories (3rd February 2012)". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
^ The OCA includes 45 NOCs; the Macau Sports and Olympic Committee is not recognized by the IOC and Macau does not compete at the Olympic Games.
^ "Ítróttasamband Føroya | Just another WordPress weblog". Isf.fo. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ Hargreaves, John (2000). Freedom for Catalonia? : Catalan nationalism, Spanish identity and the Barcelona Olympic Games ([Online-Ausg.]. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521586153.
^ "www.andalucia.com". www.andalucia.com. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
^ Friedrich, Walter L. "Questia, Your Online Research Library". Accessmylibrary.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2012. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
^ "Full Page - Niue Island Sports Association and National Olympic Committee - FOX SPORTS PULSE". Sportingpulse.com. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
^ "Website ka wasaaradda Dhalinyaradda Iyo Ciyaaraha Somaliland - Homepage". Somalilandolympics.org. 18 January 2010. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ "New Caledonia National Olympic Committee". SportingPulse. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ "Display Article". Kurdishglobe.net. 16 January 2010. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ http://www.sportcountries.org/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/conference_2008/INSCRITS_DEFINITIU.pdf[dead link]
^ Turkish Cypriots denied access to London Olympics 2012
^ Smoltczyk, Alexander (2009-08-27). "The ABC Republic: Abkhazia Attempts to Invent Itself - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel.de. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
^ "Native Americans seek recognition". Nativevoices.org. 27 February 2006. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ "Jim Thorpe's Sons Bolster Native American Olympic Dream : Fri, 10 Jul 2009 : eNewsChannels". Enewschannels.com. 10 July 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ "CANOC Members". canoc.net. Archived from the original on 2 October 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
^ "В Южной Осетии продолжат работу над созданием национального олимпийского комитета - Политика, выборы, власть - Новости - ИА REGNUM". Regnum.ru. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
^ "Armenia Karabakh Ministers Sign Accord | Asbarez Armenian News". Asbarez.com. 1999-02-04. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
External links[edit]
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Association of National Olympic Committees | ||
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| Africa | ANOCA – Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa |  |
| Americas | PASO – Pan American Sports Organization | |
| Asia | OCA – Olympic Council of Asia | |
| Europe | EOC – European Olympic Committees | |
| Oceania | ONOC – Oceania National Olympic Committees | |
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